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There is a total of 30,179 groundwater nodes within the C2VSimFG model domain. The model extent conforms to Bulletin 118 boundaries updated in 2003. The grid size was refined in areas of higher groundwater gradient and/or areas that are more critical from a hydrogeologic viewpoint. The average node spacing is 1.5 miles apart and reduces to 0.5 miles along the streams. The grid lines are designed to be parallel to the streamflow direction, when possible, to incorporate the surface drainage patterns. In parallel, the grid lines follow the groundwater streamlines to capture subsurface drainage patterns. Nine major fault systems in the Central Valley are represented by a thin strip of elements.
The stream network simulated in C2VSimFG consists of 4,634 stream nodes that make up 110 stream reaches. The stream nodes correspond to groundwater node locations where simulated streams exist. Each stream node is used to define physical properties of the stream including, depth-flow rating tables, stream bottom elevations, streambed thickness, streambed conductance, and wetted perimeter. Stream nodes are also where calculations are performed during a simulation, where diversions, stream inflows, and bypasses can occur within the model. C2VSimFG simulates streamflow of the key components of the river system, including the upstream inflows, diversions, return flows, bypasses, and stream-aquifer interaction at every stream node to generate the water budgets.
The stream network stimulated in C2VSimFG consists of 4,634 stream nodes that make up 110 stream reaches. The stream nodes correspond to groundwater node locations where simulated stream exists. Each stream node is used to define physical properties of the stream including, depth-flow rating tables, stream bottom elevations, streambed thickness, streambed conductance, and wetted perimeter. Stream nodes are also where calculations are performed during a simulation, where diversions, stream inflows, and bypasses can occur within the model. C2VSimFG simulates streamflow of the key components of the river system, including the upstream inflows, diversions, return flows, bypasses, and stream-aquifer interaction at every stream node to generate the water budgets.
There is a total of 32, 537 elements (centroids) within the C2VSimFG model, which make up the finite element mesh of the model. The elements are subdivided into 21 sub regions. Each element is composed of corresponding nodes within the model domain. The model domain is 20, 742 square miles, and the average element size is roughly 407 acres. The boundaries of the grid were developed using a set of control points at important locations of the model area. The finite grid mesh was created using GIS and several Excel and FORTRAN utilities. The grid size was refined in areas of higher groundwater gradient and/or areas that are more critical from hydrogeological viewpoints. The grid lines are designed parallel to the streamflow direction, when possible, as well as the groundwater streamlines, to capture the surface and subsurface drainage patterns. Nine major faults in the Central Valley are represented by thin strip of elements of around 500 feet. The dataset excludes three geologic outcrops: Sutter Buttles, Kettleman Hills and Capay Valley Hills, which are areas not included in the Bulletin 118. The dataset is maintained by the Sustainable Groundwater Management Office, Modeling and Tools Support Section.
The data set is used as the C2VSimFG observed subsidence data to compare with the simulated subsidence data to evaluate the impact on subsidence, groundwater budgets, and groundwater levels. The subsidence affects stream-aquifer interactions and the decline in groundwater storage due to compaction in the San Joaquin Valley and Tulare Lake Basin. The data contains observed subsidence data overtime from the DWR and USGS stations, USGS InSAR RestoreSJR GPS stations, and the UNAVCO PBO GPS dataset. Most of the observed subsidence data was monitored with almost daily intervals. The GPS Surveys by USGS InSAR RestoreSJR monitoring subsidence stations were monitored bi-annually. The DWR continuous effort in the subsidence monitoring is part of the Sacramento Valley Subsidence Network, consisting of over 300 monument locations with an average spacing of 4.3 miles, encompassing 11 counties.
The data set contains observed streamflow data locations at stream gages in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valley compared with the C2VSimFG simulated streamflow in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys. The simulated streamflow of the C2VSimFG includes major rivers regulated by reservoirs, as well as major tributaries with unimpaired flows.
The C2VSimFG model elements are grouped into to facilitate data entry and reporting of model results. The subregions can be further grouped with: subregion 1 to 7 representing the Sacramento Valley, subregions 10 to 13 representing the San Joaquin River, subregion 14 to 21 representing the Tulare Lake Basin, and subregion 8 and 9 representing the streams tributary to the Sacramento - San Joaquin Delta and the Delta, respectively. The subregions are based on the portions of the Depletion Study Areas (DSAs) within the model boundary. The DSA were originally developed by the Department of Water Resources' Division of Planning. The areas calculated for this data using the WGS 1984 Web Mercator projection may not reflect the actual areas used in the C2VSimFG model.
The stream reaches represents sections of stimulated streams where similar hydrologic conditions exist. The stream network simulate in C2VSimFG consists of 110 stream reaches. Stream reaches may represent an entire stream, parts of a stream between tributary confluences, or location of interest along the stream. Stream reaches are made up of sets of stream nodes and follow the stream course as closely as possible to capture surface drainage patterns.
The small watersheds are the minor unguaged rim watershetsthat provides the additional surface water inflow into the stream network and subsurface inflows of the C2VSimFG. There are a total of 1,024 small watersheds along the northern, southern, western, and eastern boundaries of the Central Valley that covers 6,662 square miles. The dataset is a boundary condition of the model used to stimulate the time-dependent surface and subsurface flows from the small watersheds outside the Central Valley. The C2VSimFG uses the monthly surface water discharge, recharge, and subsurface groundwater flows data from the small watersheds to calculate the output water budgets. The small watersheds are delineated using the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) HUC 12. The areas calculated for this data using the WGS 1984 Web Mercator projection may not reflect the actual areas used in the C2VSimFG model.
The boundary dataset covers the model domain of the C2VSimFG. The total area of the model domain is 20,742 square miles. It contains 32,537 elements, which make up the grid of the C2VSimFG. The boundary area includes three major hydrologic regions: Sacramento Region, San Joaquin River Region and the Tulare Lake Region, which have distinctively, different hydrologic and geologic settings. The model boundary is based on the Bulletin 118 - 2003 basin boundaries generalized for the model node spacing.
There is a total of 32, 537 elements within the C2VSimFG model, which make up the finite grid mesh of the model. The elements are subdivided into 21 subregions. Each element is composed of corresponding nodes within the model domain. The model domain is 20, 742 square miles, and each element is roughly 407 acres. The boundaries of the grid were developed using a set of control points at important locations of the model area. The finite grid mesh was created using GIS and several Excel and FORTRAN utilities. The grid size was refined in areas of higher groundwater gradient and/or areas that are more critical from hydrogeological viewpoints. The grid lines are designed parallel to the streamflow direction, when possible, as well as the groundwater streamlines, to capture the surface and subsurface drainage patterns. Nine major faults in the Central Valley are represented by thin strip of elements of around 500 feet. The dataset excludes three geologic outcrops: Sutter Buttles, Kettleman Hills and Capay Valley Hills, which are areas not included in the Bulletin 118. The dataset is maintained by the Sustainable Groundwater Management Office, Modeling and Tools Support Section. The areas calculated for this data using the WGS 1984 Web Mercator projection may not reflect the actual areas used in the C2VSimFG model.